构建煤矿安全生产长效机制确保煤矿竞争力和可持续发展

通过构建煤矿安全生产长效机制,超越安全抓安全,以安全保效益,以效益保安全,构建"安全-效益"良性互动平台,确保煤矿竞争力和可持续发展能力的提高,建立一套具有创新特色的安全管理新机制.     

油气集输课程建设探讨

油气集输是石油储运工程专业本科生的一门专业必修课。进入21世纪,原油战略储备、西气东输、陆上进口天然气和海上进口LNG的一系列重大工程的实施,为油气集输提供了广阔的舞台。为了培养学生的创新能力,办出华东理工大学油气储运专业的特色,近年来我系进行了油气集输课程建设的教学与实践,力求培养出基础知识宽厚、工程能力较强的油气储运工程高层次人才。     

新教材《石油炼制工艺学》的六个新特色

本文着重介绍了精心合编的本科专业教材《石油炼制工艺学》的六大特色,即新学习榜样、新原油信息、新近的石油产品规范和标准、石油炼制关键技术新进展、石油炼制新理念、新编习题与思考题进入教材。     

武钢7.63m焦炉建设投产的实践

叙述了武钢7.63m焦炉的技术消化与改进、建设、施工、开工投产以及达产过程的整改实践。7.63m焦炉在改善焦炭质量等方面有其不可取代的技术优势,但在吨焦能耗、四大车联动诸方面尚存的难题亟需解决。     

旋挖钻机动力头转动异常分析

动力头是旋挖钻机的主要工作机件,它所受到的负载及负载的变化量都较大,因此,在旋挖钻机施工过程中动力头的故障是非常多的,并且出现故障后往往需要停机检修,给机主带来很大的经济损失。动力头转动异常主要有以下3种情况。     

工程机械回转接头出厂检测系统设计

根据工程机械回转接头出厂检测要求,设计了回转接头性能测试系统。该检测系统主要由液压系统、驱动及夹紧系统、测控系统组成。系统能对压力、扭矩及转速进行自动检测,按要求输出测试结果,使用效果良好,为国内自主研发此类设备提供了参考。     

Design and implementation of an identification system in construction site safety for proactive accident prevention

Identifying accident precursors using real-time identity information has great potential to improve safety performance in construction industry, which is still suffering from day to day records of accident fatality and injury. Based on the requirements analysis for identifying precursor and the discussion of enabling technology solutions for acquiring and sharing real-time automatic identification information on construction site, this paper proposes an identification system design for proactive accident prevention to improve construction site safety. Firstly, a case study is conducted to analyze the automatic identification requirements for identifying accident precursors in construction site. Results show that it mainly consists of three aspects, namely access control, training and inspection information and operation authority. The system is then designed to fulfill these requirements based on ZigBee enabled wireless sensor network (WSN), radio frequency identification (RFID) technology and an integrated ZigBee RFID sensor network structure. At the same time, an information database is also designed and implemented, which includes 15 tables, 54 queries and several reports and forms. In the end, a demonstration system based on the proposed system design is developed as a proof of concept prototype. The contributions of this study include the requirement analysis and technical design of a real-time identity information tracking solution for proactive accident prevention on construction sites. The technical solution proposed in this paper has a significant importance in improving safety performance on construction sites. Moreover, this study can serve as a reference design for future system integrations where more functions, such as environment monitoring and location tracking, can be added.     

Relational approach in managing construction project safety: A social capital perspective

Existing initiatives in the management of construction project safety are largely based on normative compliance and error prevention, a risk management approach. Although advantageous, these approaches are not wholly successful in further lowering accident rates. A major limitation lies with the approaches’ lack of emphasis on the social and team processes inherent in construction project settings. We advance the enquiry by invoking the concept of social capital and project organisational processes, and their impacts on project safety performance. Because social capital is a primordial concept and affects project participants’ interactions, its impact on project safety performance is hypothesised to be indirect, i.e. the impact of social capital on safety performance is mediated by organisational processes in adaptation and cooperation. A questionnaire survey was conducted within Hong Kong construction industry to test the hypotheses. 376 usable responses were received and used for analyses. The results reveal that, while the structural dimension is not significant, the mediational thesis is generally supported with the cognitive and relational dimensions affecting project participants’ adaptation and cooperation, and the latter two processes affect safety performance. However, the cognitive dimension also directly affects safety performance. The implications of these results for project safety management are discussed.     

城区复杂环境213t炸药大区深孔爆破技术

介绍了城区复杂环境大区露天深孔爆破技术在牛头山剩余山体爆破工程中的应用。工程采用复杂环境大区深孔毫秒延时、逐孔起爆的一次性爆破方案。爆区预处理技术创造了良好的自由面,优质的爆破器材、合理的毫秒延时时间及可靠的网路搭桥技术,精心的施工组织及充分的爆前准备确保了爆破效果及施工过程的高质量、高效率、安全有序。该项爆破技术具有对周边居民及有关单位生活、工作影响程度最低,施工周期短、综合效益好的优点,对类似工程具有借鉴意义。     

Estimating Construction Material Indices with ARIMA and Optimized NARNETs

Construction Industry operates relying on various key economic indicators. One of these indicators is material prices. On the other hand, cost is a key concern in all operations of the construction industry. In the uncertain conditions, reliable cost forecasts become an important source of information. Material cost is one of the key components of the overall cost of construction. In addition, cost overrun is a common problem in the construction industry, where nine out of ten construction projects face cost overrun. In order to carry out a successful cost management strategy and prevent cost overruns, it is very important to find reliable methods for the estimation of construction material prices. Material prices have a time dependent nature. In order to increase the foreseeability of the costs of construction materials, this study focuses on estimation of construction material indices through time series analysis. Two different types of analysis are implemented for estimation of the future values of construction material indices. The first method implemented was Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), which is known to be successful in estimation of time series having a linear nature. The second method implemented was Non-Linear Autoregressive Neural Network (NARNET) which is known to be successful in modeling and estimating of series with non-linear components. The results have shown that depending on the nature of the series, both these methods can successfully and accurately estimate the future values of the indices. In addition, we found out that Optimal NARNET architectures which provide better accuracy in estimation of the series can be identified/discovered as result of grid search on NARNET hyperparameters.